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Thematic models by sector.
A generalist model answers everything; a thematic model knows the trade. Here are the open ones that can run on site, without cloud, grouped by sector.
Updated September 2026
Updated September 2026
Domain models that run on site.
Sector, model, who built it, license, what it is for.
| Sector | Model | Who | License | What it is for |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Healthcare | MedGemma 1.5 | HAI-DEF (uso clinico solo con autorizzazione come dispositivo medico) | 3D CT and MRI, histology, X-rays, clinical texts | |
| Healthcare | MedASR | HAI-DEF | medical dictation, 58–82% fewer errors than Whisper | |
| Healthcare | Baichuan-M3 / M2 | Baichuan | Apache 2.0 | clinical reasoning; M2 32B fits on one GPU |
| Healthcare | TxGemma | HAI-DEF | drug and therapy properties | |
| Earth Observation | Prithvi-EO 2.0 and TerraMind | IBM, NASA, ESA | Apache 2.0 | crops, floods, fires from satellite; 5M-parameter versions run on a laptop |
| Earth Observation | AlphaEarth Foundations | Google DeepMind | dati CC-BY 4.0 | annual maps 2017–2025, downloadable and usable offline |
| Agriculture | Dhenu2 | KissanAI (India) | licenza Llama | agronomic advice, crop diseases |
| Weather | ECMWF AIFS | ECMWF | CC BY 4.0 | weather forecasts locally on GPU, with open ECMWF initial data |
| Weather | GenCast / GraphCast | Apache 2.0 + CC BY 4.0 | global forecasts, also ensemble | |
| Italian & Public Sector | Velvet 2B/14B | Almawave | Apache 2.0 | designed for public administration |
| Italian | Minerva | Sapienza NLP | Apache 2.0 | trained from scratch in Italian |
| Italian | Domyn-Small | Domyn | MIT | 10B, reasoning and tools |
| Code | Qwen3-Coder-Next | Alibaba | Apache 2.0 | coding agents on a 96 GB GPU |
| Code | Devstral Small 2 | Mistral | Apache 2.0 | code on a 24–32 GB consumer GPU |
| Education | Kolibri | Learning Equality | open source | offline learning platform, to pair with a local model |
Medical models are not certified medical devices: they support staff, they do not replace clinical decision-making.